

News,
articles and documents from the Holy Land
Issue No. 187 - Saturday, 11 January 2003
Dear Friends, Brothers
and Sisters,
I will introduce this Olive Branch with
short hand news and reflections:
- I had the pleasure of the visit of our Patriarch to our Parish last Thursday, it was a private visit of Christmas greetings, but we hope to invite him for a whole day of celebration in the next months when because we will have first communion and confirmation for our children.
- Time is running and we began the second
semester in our school as scheduled, we hope that we will be able to continue
it without any interruption… we are very lucky here in Taybeh because we didn’t
have any curfew like it is imposed since weeks and months in other towns and
villages where schools are closed.
- I am working to find a market for the
olive oil of our village, and we will have the visit of a French businessman
next Tuesday who is coming in order to discuss with us the possibility of such collaboration.
I hope that we will be able to make a deal with him, because this will help the
whole community to sell their oil and encourage them to return to the land and
take care of their olive groves.
- I would like to inform you that the “Bethlehem
Diary” book written by our dear friend Toine van Teeffelen was published recently, with the preface
of the Patriarch. 290 pages, price 25 shekel (5 $), it will be soon available
in Jerusalem and Bethlehem bookshops. It is a collection of all the Bethlehem
diaries he wrote for the Olive Branch during the last two years, after which he
began a new serious “Letter from Bethlehem” which will be also published later.
You can obtain your copy by contacting him directly at his e-mail address: tvant@p-ol.com
- Everybody is waiting to the results of
the Israeli elections next 28 of this month, and hoping that Mr. Sharon will go
out of the political arena. We really hope that a man of peace will appear very
soon and achieve peace and security in this sensitive region of the world.
Enough wars and fighting that can never achieve peace or security or stability.
You will find in today’s Olive
Branch the following documents:
1) A very strong press release from Bethlehem University with this courageous message: “We at Bethlehem University plead for the right to continue educating young Palestinians and the right for our neighbors in Bethlehem to be able to live, to move, to breathe free air, to work and to educate their children. Can anyone do anything to change this systematic strangulation? End the occupation! End the occupation!”
2) The “Letter from Bethlehem (45) by Toine van Teeffelen will help you more why this appeal is so urgent.
3) Dr. Maria C. Khoury will tell us how the “Orthodox Christmas Silently Passed.
4) And
I will tell you why I hope a change in the Israeli leadership and especially the
end of Sharon’s regime. It is an article that I wrote in Arabic and was
published in Al-Quds Newspaper and recently translated and published at the
Jerusalem Times English edition. The article “Nero and Sharon: Lessons from history” is still up to date.
5)
It is
for the benefit of Israel that we wait this surprise, because “ISRAEL'S
POLICIES ON PALESTINIANS IMPERILS ITS SOUL” as you will see in Reverend Bruce
Burnside’ s article.
6) Finally, Issam el-Bandak will tell us “Who
is the real man of peace?” that we are looking forward to have in this
particular time of our history.
I hope that this will become true and the surprise will happen at the
end of this month. We need your support and maybe a miracle also!!!
Best wishes from Taybeh Fr. Raed Abusahlia
PRESS RELEASE
From Bethlehem University
COLLECTIVE PUNISHMENT INTENSIFIES
IN BETHLEHEM
Bethlehem University Struggles to Complete Semester
From November 22, 2002 to December 22, 2002 the people of Bethlehem suffered under 24-hour curfews (military lockdowns; house arrests) for 21 full days (661 hours) with partial curfew liftings on 9 days (59 hours). The curfews were lifted for 8 full days and 2 partial days from December 22-31. In the past few days a new form of punishment is being inflicted with greater regularity, that of announcing curfew liftings and changing them unexpectedly. This is another form of psychological punishment which exacerbates an already intolerable situation brought about by the latest Israeli re-occupation of Bethlehem.
Bethlehem University continues its struggle to complete the semester. However, to plan and to assure remaining class days and a reliable schedule for examinations, is becoming almost impossible. In the past four days alone we have faced the following circumstances:
Wednesday, January 1, 2003: Curfew lifted at 12:30 p.m., re-instated at 2:00
p.m.—many people were out on the streets, confused, fearful, pressured to
return home.
Thursday, January 2: Curfew lifted. Sudden announcement at 1:40 p.m. of
resumption of curfew at 2:00 p.m. --immediate evacuation of campus by teachers,
staff and students.
Friday, January 3: 24-hour curfew (loss of valuable Friday classes which meet
only once a week). Announcement in evening that curfew would be lifted on
the following day. University announces on TV a Friday makeup day for
Saturday. Spirits raised at prospect of classes.
Saturday, January 4: During the night the army announces that Saturday would be
a day of curfew. No reasons are ever given. Armored Personnel
Carriers drive through the streets as soldiers blare out through bull horns the
ominous warning, "Mamnuuh Atajawal" ("It is forbidden to
go out, to leave your home!").
The punitive actions which the Israeli army continues to impose on innocent Palestinians--families, women, school children, working men—the devastating effects this continuing inhumane treatment is having are taking a terrible toll. A people is being humiliated, beaten into the ground; malnutrition among children is growing worse; a legitimate right to education of thousands of young people is being dramatically compromised; thousands of hours of time are wasted each day—on those rare days when movement is permitted--waiting to get through checkpoints; the morale of a people is being crushed with very little to hope for--just more lockdowns, short-lived liftings, inability to have any control of their lives.
What is being done to the people and to Bethlehem itself--once a revered city of Christendom now reduced to a war-torn, dirty, occupied military playground—is reprehensible, outrageous, unjustified. We at Bethlehem University plead for the right to continue educating young Palestinians and the right for our neighbors in Bethlehem to be able to live, to move, to breathe free air, to work and to educate their children. Can anyone do anything to change this systematic strangulation? End the occupation! End the occupation!
Brother Vincent
Malham, FSC
President-Vice Chancellor
Bethlehem University Community 11 January 2003
Letter from Bethlehem (45)
Toine van Teeffelen
January 11, 2003
Last Saturday,
during curfew, Mary's sisters who had come from Paris said goodbye and sneaked
out of Bethlehem by climbing, with all their luggages, over a little hill in
Beit Jala known among both Palestinians and the army as an escape
route."It has the feel of crossing the old Berlin Wall," said Mary's
sister afterwards. In the wake of their departure, we felt that palpable
silence of the curfew again, interspersed by children's voices in the afternoon
playing outside because of the spring-like beautiful weather. We hear the
neighbour playing softly on the harmonica while sitting on the stairs before
his house, and we also hear once again the explosions during night. One day
soldiers exploded the door of a nearby music shop where presumably somebody was
hiding. During another silent, unholy night, thieves stole the car of our
neighbour using a rope to pull it out of the drive. After being warned,
Palestinian police said they could not come because it was curfew after all.
Now we all the time hear about robberies; curfew conditions make it easier to
break into departed places and shops and, of course, the mounting poverty
breeds crime. "Keep always your door shut from inside when you stay at home,"
advises a visitor.
The suicide
bombing in Tel Aviv was unsettling not only because of the many dead but also
because the people immediately started worrying about its consequences. This
time no 'spectacular' eye-catching measures like the siege of Arafat were
imposed but "administrative measures." Those younger than 35 (that
is, 70 % of the Palestinian population) are now not permitted to travel outside
their towns or villages. As I hear from one affected by the measure, even those
Palestinians who have both an Israeli ID and a foreign passport cannot travel.
According to Israeli announcements, the "basket" of measures includes
the closing of three Palestinian universities, although up until now it is not
clear which ones are chosen. Elias' son Fady was stuck for some time in the
northern West Bank town of Jenin where he studies, but by walking over the
fields, taking risks and taking lots of taxis, he managed to reach Bethlehem
less than 200 kilometer south, after a ten hours' costly journey.. Much of the
occupation in fact consists of administrative measures that categorize
Palestinians according to the degree to which people presumably constitute a
security risk. To be male and young makes you a security risk. When you live in
a town out of which a bombing mission was organized, you are also a security
risk, and may be curfewed. Refugee camps are treated as a supreme security
risk. Only yesterday soldiers shot dead a stone-throwing youth, and injured
several others, in Aida camp behind Rachel's Tomb. Mary informs me of the event
in a resigned voice, as if such wanton killings have become somehow normal.
I start
realizing that apart from the obvious ways of enforcing the occupation –
military force, humiliations, mobility restrictions, perhaps poverty - there is
also an element which is often overlooked: creating uncertainty. Of course
nobody knows when ongoing punitive measures are lifted or "eased," or
whether they are fully enforced. So nobody can plan life, work or study. People
here are used to say that they plan day by day, and with the present curfews
changing all the time, perhaps hour by hour. But I would not be surprised if
there is a purposeful Israeli policy of creating uncertainty. This week we
suddenly heard a lot of rumours about the period the curfews would last – some
suggested 10 days; others mentioned periods up until after the Israeli
elections at the end of this month, some spoke about several months. The source
of the rumours was not clear; the Irtibaat office (liaison with the
Israelis) did not know about any official or informal information provided by
the Israelis. Some therefore speculated collaborators were planting the
rumours. This week it also happened that one day fuel was available, another
day the supply was blocked. As if the army was playing with the nerves of the
people. The psychological effects of consistently feeling no control over one's
life and environment, and being subject to arbitrary measures imposed by
others, should be substantial, especially over the long run. One consequence, a
Jerusalem psychologist tells, is shrinking self-respect, a loss of human
dignity.
While waiting
for the schoolbus in the early morning, a passer by tells me and Jara that it
is curfew and that there is therefore no school. We didn't know; it wasn't
announced on the TV. So we go back home. Jara is somehow relieved. First she
wanted to go to school and the school was not open. Now (yesterday and today)
the school is open but she didn't want to go. Also Elias' child and Fuad's
grandchildren didn't want. All children are out of their rhythm, become a bit
lazy, and are disoriented. Jara complies only after a promise to have an
afternoon outing in a restaurant. In fact, I decided for her to have additional
school time at home. Now we work for an hour on the school books every day, to
maintain rhythm.
Orthodox Christmas Silently Passed
By Maria C. Khoury, Ed.
D.
The Sun has just
set in the beautiful hills of Judea marking the end of the Orthodox Christmas
Day celebration on the old Julian calendar in the Land of Christ's birth. The words of a nasty email keeping
ringing in my head "Judea is for Jews," "Arabia is for Arabs" as part of recent hate mail
I received for promoting human rights for Palestinians and an end to the
Israeli occupation in the West Bank and Gaza. I keep thinking of the words of Christ Himself in Acts 1
"…and you shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea,
and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth." Does this not indicate that Christ
calls upon to practice our Christianity no matter where we live? Should Christians disappear from the
Land of Christ's birth just because Israelis make their life miserable each and
every single day? I can't
understand why the Jewish race is above all laws. They have Israel created in l948 by the United Nations why
can't they live inside Israel and get out of the West Bank and Gaza and let the
Palestinians have their own independent state? Why must they have illegal Israeli settlements in Judea and
Samaria too?
Palestinian
children die each and every single day on their way to school and from
school. Palestinian homes continue
to be demolished every single day leaving hundreds homeless and helpless. Palestinian land continues to be
confiscated for security walls and illegal settlements daily. The only time the world hears about
Palestinians is when the Israelis want the international world to know about
suicide bombers blowing themselves to pieces killing innocent people that no
Christian, Jew or Muslim should condone.
The desperate circumstances of these people that have had their human
rights neglected for over 54 years should not give them permission to harm
innocent victims. However,
all the money and weapons from the United States goes to Israel thus the
Palestinians are left to fight with only their bodies because they do not own
f-16's, tanks, and armored jeeps
paid by American tax dollars. Palestinians
are seeking freedom and independence, they are not terrorists.
Since I live in
the middle of the wilderness I can't claim to know much but if the United
States stops sending so much military aid to Israel maybe the Israelis wouldn't
carry out so much destruction which so far has including blowing up the
historic and archeological cave chapel of St. Barbara from the fourth century
in the village of Aboud, damaging the back door and parts of the Nativity
Church in Bethlehem, firing unto St. Nicholas Church in Beit Jala, damaging the
Orthodox Church in Nablus and firing missiles on the Orthodox Club in Beit
Jala. If the United States wanted
peace in the Middle East it could achieve it in one week by asking the Israeli
government to stop the cruel occupation and torture of the Palestinian people. But instead the United States is preparing
for war in Iraq and announcing a possible 18 month occupation of Iraq. The Bush government should seek
diplomatic and peaceful resolutions not war. I am so confused as how America thinks as one nation under
God and resorts to war as the answer.
The God I grew up knowing from my Sunday School teachers and my parents
is the God of love and the God of peace.
Is this not the God that created all humans equal as Christians, Muslims
and Jews to give glory to Him and to do unto others as we wish others to do
unto us?
On Orthodox
Christmas every year I drive to Bethlehem to attend the midnight service at the
Nativity Church giving glory for Christ's birth. This year I am blocked in my little village by large cement
blocks on both main entrances and the Israeli army is keeping Bethlehem under
curfew. The Orthodox
Christmas services took place as usual but local Christians outside Bethlehem
found it difficult and impossible to attend. I spent this Orthodox Christmas Day listening to shooting
and gun fire not knowing who was shooting who. We are all currently prisons in our individual towns and
villages and peace seems more distant than ever. The fanatics on both sides of the Israeli-Palestinian
conflict continue to ruin life for the average people that are willing to live
in coexistence. Please know that
the terrorists are not the Palestinians which the media continues to
overemphasize but a greater terror is taking place with American money and
weapons that you should be aware and contact your government officials to vote
for diplomatic and peaceful resolutions not more military aid to Israel.
In closing I
hope I am not what another email stated " a disgrace, an embarrassment to
even be called Greek,"
instead I hope in all humility you find me as a witness for Christ and a
small voice crying in the wilderness and speaking the truth from the occupied
Palestinian territories where Jews and Muslims are slaughtering each other
daily and Christians are just disappearing in this Ethnic Cleansing campaign
that started September 28, 2000 by Ariel Sharon. May Christ our true God Who selected this Holy Land to
reveal His glory bring inner peace where peace does not exist among the people. "Glory to God in the highest, and
on earth peace, good will toward men." (Luke 2:14)
Nero and Sharon: Lessons
from history
By Rev. Raed A. Abusahlia
At
the beginning of the Intifada, Yossi Sarid wrote an article published in
Al-Quds newspaper in which he likened Sharon to Nero because he ignited the
Intifada with his provocative visit to the campus of Al-Aqsa. The comparison
was accurate; Nero had set fire to Rome so he could write poetry while gazing
at the rising flames and compose music inspired by the screams of people being
fried.
At
the time, I wrote an article titled ‘Sharon and Nero" but did not publish
it, preferring to be cautious. I recently took the article out of my desk
drawer to publish it, after making some necessary changes to reflect the new
developments, which have proven to me that my original comparison was accurate.
The ‘Nero’ of the 21st Century, with his visit to Al-Aqsa and his current
military campaign, has started a fire that remains alight, its fuel the martyrs
and the bones of children, whose bare chests were penetrated by the bullets of
occupation. Sharon’s imagination has also invented new methods of torture and
pain that have devoured man, plant and stone: the demolition of homes, the
leveling of land, the uprooting of trees, and the denying of such basic rights
as power and water, food and drink.
Emperor
Nero blamed Christians for staring the fire and accused them of conspiring
against the Roman Empire. He offered thousands of Christians to the lions and
gladiators, many times leaving the bones of his victims hanging in the
Coliseum, which still stands today, to bear witness to the slaying of
Christians in the first three centuries. Until the year 313 and the era of
Constantine, Christianity was a forbidden faith. As a result, a large number of
Christians endured all manner of torture, but they always approached death
bravely, chanting religious hymns that united their hearts.
Two
thousand years later, the same tragedy is unfolding again; Sharon and his
government and soldiers are shedding the blood of martyrs, destroying the land,
and blaming the Palestinians, all the while denying any responsibility and
claiming to be acting in self-defense. They use modern machines of war against
children and the elderly and claim to believe in harmony and coexistence and
the need to achieve a comprehensive peace. We wish we could believe them.
On
the other side, we see the bravery and martyrdom of Palestinian heroes. The
reason is simple: belief in historical inevitability that says it is impossible
for tyranny to survive. I am not glorifying violence, but merely reading
history as is. Violence breeds violence, and tyranny and occupation breed
revenge. The Jewish poet Bialik said, “The revenge for the blood of a child
cannot be imagined by the devil.” Truly, the blood of martyrs is the seed of
freedom.
We
began with Nero and now move to the Pharaoh, two sides of one personality known
today as Sharon. The Pharaoh, according to the history books, wanted to rule
all mankind and deny people their freedom. Moses intervened, demanding freedom
for his people, and despite the wrath of the Pharaoh, God stood beside the
people and took them to safety. We all know the story, including the Jews, who
repeat it every Passover.
The
old story has been revisited, and we are living its chapters today on the same
land and with the same peoples. As Moses said to the Pharaoh, “Leave my people
to go in peace,” we say to the Pharaoh of Israel, “Leave our people to live in
peace.” If he thinks he is invincible, we say God is greater.
From
the beginning the voice of Patriarch Michel Sabbah rose. He said, "A first
glance at the bloody events that erupted after religious emotions were
challenged at Al-Aqsa indicates one thing: the Palestinian people are demanding
freedom and dignified living, and they will have it sooner or later. We hope it
will be sooner, because violence cannot remain the language of the Holy Land.
Justice should be its only address. It is time for every ruler in this land to
realize that religious monuments should be left untouched and cannot be
compromised or traded. The lining up of soldiers and tanks will not calm things
down. Those children and elders that sacrifice their blood are not attacking
any one; they are defending their religion, freedom and dignity. The blood
being shed is screaming for justice and dignity."
The
patriarch described the disease and prescribed the medicine: the disease is
occupation, and the medicine is its removal by way of reaching a final
settlement as soon as possible, on the condition that it is implemented within
a finite time frame that guarantees the Palestinians their rights. Otherwise,
any solution reached would be partial and would not end the conflict, but
merely postpone it. Justice is the only escape.
History
has proven what French President Jacques Chirac said, “You cannot play with the
emotions of peoples and cannot control their will.” If the people are oppressed
today, tomorrow they will be free. The blood of martyrs is the seed of freedom.
ISRAEL'S POLICIES ON PALESTINIANS
IMPERILS ITS SOUL
By Reverend Bruce Burnside
Madison, Wisconsin Newspapers
December 14, 2002
Israeli security
officials scrutinized our entry at Ben Gurion Airport: "Why are you
coming? Aren't you afraid?" We heard that question frequently during the
two weeks that followed. Fear is epidemic.
We went to the West Bank during the November olive harvest to support
Palestinian villagers, who are often attacked by Israeli settlers. Often the
settlers steal and destroy Palestinian crops. Today thousands of Palestinians
suffer tortuous and untold economic, physical and emotional despair from
Israel's systematic and insidious policies that destroy their olive groves,
decimate villages, kill countless innocents and foment despair, all under the
sham of security.
This was the fifth trip for my wife and me. Increasingly we have witnessed
vanishing hope and mounting fear.
We felt it on a rooftop with villagers in Kufr Laqif, watching military planes
explode flares all around the houses throughout the night, and we experienced
it with a brave, gentle man forced to beg settlers day after day for ermission
to harvest his own olives, which are now enclosed by settlement fences.
We met it in the eyes of a dispirited family of 10, made to live in a metal
shipping container after Israeli bulldozers demolished their house three times.
We walked through it at the Jenin refugee camp after children and adults were
mercilessly buried alive by bulldozers crushing homes into a landscape that now
looks like moon craters.
We were told about it by a man at church in Bethlehem who sat between his
mother and brother, "feeling the warmth leave their hands" after
Israeli assassins shot them in their home.
We saw it at Jayus, where Israeli soldiers launched tear gas and bullets into a
peaceful protest against the building of an apartheid wall to encircle the West
Bank. It will make the Berlin Wall look like a snow fence in comparison.
We heard it from children, learning too much hatred and too little justice.
We endured it at endless roadblocks designed for humiliation, not security,
which prevent Palestinian travel from village to village, students from going
to school, workers getting to jobs, sick reaching hospitals, families seeing
family, markets being reached. ... We viewed it in landscapes strangled by
hundreds of illegal Israeli settlements that devour not just Palestinian land
and economy but hope itself.
Strangely, there is another heartbreak. Christian Zionists - many from the
United States - express a religious fervor no less fanatical than Muslim
extremists possessed by a spirit that motivates them to destroy others in the
name of God. Christian Zionists raise millions of dollars for Israel. They do
it to hasten the return of Christ, which according to their own peculiar
interpretation of biblical prophecy cannot occur until all Jews have returned
to Israel to rebuild the Temple. The dark humor in this odd alliance is that
those same Christians fully expect Christ's return to inaugurate the end of
Judaism. It is a mutual exploitation. Israel, not duped by such motives, is
happy to receive its money but loses no sleep over such eschatological
nightmares.
As a Christian I also read biblical prophecy but not to unlock hidden
calculations about end times, which Jesus warns is a pointless endeavor. The
biblical prophets voice God's demand for justice among all nations. Micah
warned: "What does the Lord require of you, but to do justice, to love
kindness and to walk humbly with your God?" And Jeremiah: "Do not
trust in these deceptive words: 'This is the temple of the Lord, the temple of
the Lord, the temple of the Lord.' For if you truly amend your ways and your
doings, if you truly execute justice one with another, if you do not oppress
the alien, the fatherless or the widow, or shed innocent blood ... then I will
let you dwell in this place."
A young Israeli student at Hebrew University named David said to me on our last
day in Jerusalem: "All this madness will end, and justice will win.
History has proven that nations built on militarism and oppression cannot
survive. I only pray that our madness will end before Israel has lost its
soul."
David is right, justice will prevail. But it is not only Israel that is in
peril of losing its soul. That danger looms before any who side with hateful
rhetoric, evil oppression and inhumane codes that must be fortified by bulldozers,
razor wire, monumental walls, assassins, torture, curfews, bombs and tear gas.
Israel has chosen that policy. It is time for us to cease supporting it.
Reverend Bruce Burnside is pastor of St. Stephen's Lutheran
Church in Monona, Wisconsin.
By Issam el-Bandak
The
real man of peace and security is actually that man, whose real loyalty is to
his people and who seeks with every possible means the achievement of peace,
security, development and prosperity at social, political and economic levels
and not that man who uses every bad means to keep his people living in fear and
horror.
The
man of peace and caller of justice and equality is that whose loyalty is to his
Homeland and not that who seeks with all tough and illegal means to provide
artificial and fabricated circumstances to conduct every now and then
provocative acts under fake pretexts.
The
man of peace and the honest caller of justice and equality to his Homeland and
people is that who seeks with all the straight and honest means to achieve
justice, equality and positive cooperation and uses all effort, money and time,
he has, to remove unjust and aggression and strongly believes in his rights and
the rights of the others and he admits his interests and the interests of
others, and so he immediately implements the bases of the international law and
implements the resolutions of the UN organizations, especially the
International Security Council and works around the clock to achieve political
stability, social prosperity and economic development in order to establish the
international peace and security.
The
real man of peace is not the man, who continually tries to build the most
up-to-date ground, sea, air and space arsenal, which costs the state budget
billions of dollars, which are deemed spent against the interests of the
sweeping majority of the people, and seeks exploiting the energies of his
people and uses the financial resources of his country on false allegations
that there are enemies around him ready to attack him any minute and so he
involves his country in a useless war without the achievement of peace,
security or stability.
The
real man of peace and caller of justice and equality is that who always seeks
setup up suitable educational curriculum for the fledgling generations amongst
his people to teach them love, brotherhood, equality and recognition of the
rights of others and to raise them on honesty, good morals and love and he
isn't that man who changes teaches the children of his country, the men of the
future, hatred, selfishness, extremism, racism, lies, deception and denial of
the rights of the others, giving them bad descriptions and claiming that they
don't deserve life and he believes that the achievement of peace and security
is the most dangerous threat against his personal interests.
The
real man of peace and caller of justice, equality and security is that man who
employs the his own energies and financial capabilities to serve his own people
without discrimination and to build his Homeland on the bases of justice, love
and the joint positive cooperation, not that man who uses every illegal way to
impose his sovereignty on others to steal their treasuries and exploit their
energies for his own interest only and always seek creating obstacles before
the development and progress of his people to prevent improving their daily
living conditions and easing their sufferings.
The
real man of peace and caller of justice and equality is that man who enjoys
courage and honesty with himself and has no selfish intentions in authority,
sovereignty and gathering of money and speaks frankly with his people saying
there can never be security, peace, development, progress or stability without
recognizing the rights of the others and recognizing their interests and
working honestly on the implementation of the Security Council resolutions and
the organizations of the UN to achieve the international peace and security.
In
the end, I hope this man of peace will appear very soon and achieve peace and
security in this sensitive region of the world. Enough wars and fighting that
can never achieve peace or security or stability.
|
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